Subconjunctval Hemorrhage

A subconjunctival hemorrhage can be very frightening, as the characteristic bright red blood spreads across the white of the eye beneath the clear covering of the conjunctiva.  These are usually benign, causing no pain or changes in vision, and are often noticed first by other people around us.  They are caused by leaks in the tiny blood vessels that are on the surface of the eye. 

Causes

Although it is not always possible to determine the exact cause of the problem, some of the possible causes include:

• Eye trauma or injury
• Eye surgery
• A sudden increase in blood pressure that can result from heavy lifting, coughing, sneezing or straining
• Blood thinners such as aspirin or warfarin (Coumadin is one brand name)

Treatment

Artificial tears or ophthalmic ointment can soothe the eye, although these cannot help resolve the hemorrhage itself.  Be sure not to rub the eye, which can increase the risk of re-bleeding.  Eye redness can be a sign of other types of serious eye conditions, so you should visit your ophthalmologist promptly to rule out an infection or disease, particuarly if you have discharge or other symptoms such as light sensitivity or a change in vision.

In most cases, it takes about seven to ten days for the hemorrhage to dissipate on its own.  As it fades with time, the affected area can change color, much like a bruise.